Outsourcing

Outsourcing is a term used in the field of business, among entities and business companies and it means to deliver business processes or a part of them to a third party to be contracted on and this process could lead to great changes in the business organization such as moving the company's main assets and staff to another company, the contracting third party. This process is meant for the company welfare as it helps increase profits of the company due to the activities of the third party in marketing and procurement. The outsourcing process could be made as to deliver responsibility to a local company or to a foreign one, off shoring is sometimes included in such a process as well as relocation from one country to another. Outsourcing and off shoring depend mainly on the savings that belong to low labor rates. Outsourcing depends sometimes on online technologies which enables businessmen to manage their work virtually such as the business of designing websites and managing them as all details of business can be managed online which saves a lot of human resources costs. You might ask a question which is why companies do such an outsourcing practice for its business? The answer is included in the fact that the company here seeks reducing costs as getting rid of taxes, costs of high energy machinery and human resources costs. United States companies are the most companies to get benefits from outsourcing as U.S rates and taxes are known to be very high. The opposite of outsourcing is insourcing which means to bring processes for the company by a third party which could be a company and it sometimes includes vertical integration. When a company has a sort of shortage in skills or experiences in a specific business part, it is said that outsourcing can help improve the status of the company regarding that part of business. Outsourcing must follow an environmental policy so as to keep environmental standards on a good acceptable level. Outsourcing has worked to level what is known as global inequalities which are related to what outsourcing lead to of industrialization and deindustrialization. 

Management Information Systems

MIS is a system that depends mainly on computers and this system is established for the purpose of providing managers with all means of managing, evaluating and organizing the company or the organization work in its departments in a computer-based easy technique. This system is designed to improve the efficient strength of the department by having a strong wide software system includes programs for databases, decision making programs, human resources management and projects management as well as being supported by a hardware system for resources and all additional process, systems and programs that help raise the organization and the department efficiency. Each MIS department within an organization has its own manager who is responsible for studying the technology systems of an organization besides identifying the obstacles that may hinder the work in the organization, analyze them, and evaluate them to find proper solutions for them with the help of suitable advanced computer applications. The importance for having MIS within organizations of all types and specialists today has been increasing these days for many reasons. There are many challenges that face the business organizations of today, all businesses have their own websites which needs management to let the company reach market competitive advantage and be well ranked among other entities. Complex decisions that modern managers have to make today requires them to be able to access wide areas containing huge amounts of information which could be facilitated by the management information systems within the organization. Business running dynamics have been changed greatly as a result of MIS which changed them a lot, for example: decentralization is a matter that helped a lot for giving managers more spaces of time to do more strategic activities by its role of operations monitoring. MIS can also reduce the load of information in the organization. There are many management levels to use MIS to provide the business organization with future support for decision making procedures, goals achieving practices and support financial accounting systems. To be effective in their work, MIS have to include the operations time frames and presentation formats and they have to be suitable for each operation. There are manual systems and operative ones for getting and developing the MIS and they can be used each one separately or to be both combined together. Each institution or an organization has its own targets, goals and missions that need to be met by those Management Information Systems as MIS which are effective provide a strong support for the delivery of the business organization outputs effectively that's why it is essential to access such systems easily within the organization at all levels that seem to be appropriate. Each institution has its own general strategy and general risk management strategy that considers MIS as a main part of that strategy and a critical one that MIS are used for reducing risk potentials and manage them. MIS helps also in the planning process of an organization but accurate control procedures must be set for ensuring accuracy and reliability of the information and so as to avoid errors or irrelevant data. Each business organization has to set a MIS strategy for its all benefits.