India has
competitiveness in international trade as the country The Indian auto industry
is one of the most competitive industries in the world, India was considered the
fourth largest passenger car exporter after Japan, Thailand and South Korea in
2009 and it maintained the third position in the year 2010. The industry then grew
in next years to have a growth rate of 17% in 2015 and maintain sales estimated
with 4 million Dollars but in next years after 2015 growth stopped and the
country stopped maintain competitive advantage over the world. (Singh,
2020) Oil and gas industry is one of the main six
industries in India as it is a factor for the country's growth and economy
development. The country depends on oil and gas manufacturing and marketing
which represents 15% of the country's GDP. In relation to the foreign currency,
exports from gas and oil industry represent a7% of the country's total exports.
India has also different investment opportunities in the oil industry field
that are in refinery as India is ranked the fifth in this category, retail as the
country connects its success in automobile market to oil industry and gas that
total used gas in India is consumed highly there but there is still continuous
demand for it and it is suggested that natural gas share increase in India in
2025 to represent 205 from its current 8%. (Investindia, 2020)
India has
growing level in computer industry which is internationally prevailing and
facing great competition from China. India has comparative advantage in the
field of telecommunication, information services and computer trade that has
increased recently but in comparison to China, it is decreasing. The commerce
ministry shows that the country is developing according to an analysis of
comparative advantage in different service segments related to computer and technology
such as software and information technology. Yet India is scoring over China in
computer and information services. India has been so strong in areas of
telecommunication, information services and computer but its comparative
advantage in this field was 1.62 and dropped to 1.5 through 2016 in front of
China which represents a threat to it in that industry. India made total of 162
$ billion in front of China that made 209 billion 4 IN 2016 AS China has strong
position in areas connected to computer such as transportation and physical
inputs as well as maintenance and repair services. This makes the comparative
advantage of India is in need to grow more in the field of computer.
(Pattanayak, 2018)
India has a
strong comparative advantage in pharmaceuticals export to the whole world as a
result of its ability for producing brand name drugs that is of low-cost and
that has an important position in the Indian economy. The pharmaceuticals
industry in India has grown up at 7.2 % with a contribution to the Indian gross
domestic market that is 1.3% in 2004 that increased in next years to grow after
that and master world market. The country depends on pharmaceutical firms and
Indian companies focus on price advantage to maintain low-cost production. The Food
and Drug Administration has helped Indian firms to grow in the pharmaceuticals
industry and market its products mainly in developing countries and to spread
after that in many destinations. India now has developed its industry to export
drug intermediates too and its export amount is about 10% of the world
production and about 40-50% of the industry total turnover. The country's exports in the field of
pharmaceuticals have developed to exceed the country's exports in all other
fields and industries with a growth rate that is supposed to continue growing.
The growth rate shows that the country
has developed its comparative advantage in that field throughout a time
period that recorded erratic growth although there were areas of stabilization.
The country's exports in pharmaceuticals include many segments such as cardiac,
gastrointestinal, respiratory and anti-infectives. (Singh et al, 2015)
India has
succeeded in the sector of gold and jewelry with a growing market size that is
supposed to reach 103.06 US$ in 2023. Its demand for gold in 2018 was 760.4
tons and in 2019 was 496.11 tons which contribute to the Indian economy greatly
with about 7% of its GDP and 15% of its total exports. The country depends on
the industry of gold manufacturing to employ about 4.64 million workers and in
2022, this rate is supposed to raise to reach 8.32 million workers. This growth
depends on its comparative advantage and the government supports the industry
with measures for investment promotion in gold industry in addition to adding
technology to the industry to market products in international markets under
very common and attractive brand names. Brand India depends on high skilled
labor and unique styling in polished gold that is supported with diamonds too.
Indian market size in the gold and jewelry field is a great one that
contributes for 29% of the world gold consumption and is supposed to grow more
in 2023. (Ibef, 2020)
India is one
of the most important trading partners with Oman, it has a bilateral trade that
estimated with 5 billion Dollars in 2018-19 as India was the second larger
importer from Oman to oil crude and Oman is a country that hosts more than
780.000 citizen from India working in different fields to express the second
largest country with expatriates in Oman. Oman and India have made a Maritime Transport
Agreement that supports India to expand its trade in Oman and the Persian Gulf.
This supported them in many industries including petroleum industry as India is
exporting oil from Oman to manufacture and refine it. Oman has allowed India to
use its ports such as Duqm port for having joint-ventures in many fields such
as integrated tourism, software and gold industries. Oman has licensed the
State Bank of India to support marketing the different products related to
computer industry such as software and hardware. (Chaudhury, 2019) India-Oman
bilateral remains strong in many fields and industries such as automotive and
pharmaceuticals products as India has a high and strong priority in making
bilateral trade with Oman to support the countries' economic relations and grow
them, the bilateral trade between them witnessed a decline in 2014 to increase
again in 2017 from US $ 3.8 billion to 4 $ billion. Products of exports of India to Oman
include mineral oils, fuels, machinery, iron, steel items and chemicals and the
main items of the imports of India from Oman include mineral oils, fertilizers,
organic chemicals from earth and sea and plastering materials. (Indemb, 2020)
In conclusion, India has comparative advantage in many different fields and industries and the country is having trade deals with Oman in products such as oil, automotive industry and computer.
