google_ad_client = "ca-pub-2829023382201609"; google_ad_slot = "6228096977"; google_ad_width = 300; google_ad_height = 250;

Sunday, May 29, 2016

TWO TEXTS ANALYSIS ARAB OPEN UNIVERSITY

Introduction

English language has many functional frameworks which are used for interpreting texts, the written texts, they have different interpretations regarding the contexts they are written in. Analyzing texts show many aspects such as opinions and attitudes of writers, their cultural backgrounds and how far they are acknowledged about what they are writing about. This TMA is trying to analyze two texts from two different magazines about the same topic. The first is from Kuwait Times and the other is from New York Times and will be analyzed using the functional grammar framework trying to compare the two texts and discussing each one according to their field, tenor and mode.

Task1
 (selection of texts)
Choose two newspaper Editorials on the same event/topic one from a newspaper/magazine published in English in Britain or the United States and one from an Arab newspaper/magazine published in English (e. g. Kuwait Times, Gulf Times, etc.).

Two texts were chosen and signed.

Task2(500 words)
Perform a register analysis of the two texts.  In other words, you should show how the social roles and relationships (tenor), subject matter (field) and the nature of the text as a communicative event (mode) influence particular aspects of grammar and vocabulary in each text.

Text 1
Clauses are underlined.

KUWAIT TIMES
Jonas Brothers on Break-Up: We won’t leave fans in the lurch
 31/10/2013 
The Jonas Brothers said that they will not complete the album they were working on at the time of their break-up, but promised to do something for their fans during an appearance on “Good Morning America” on Wednesday morning. The group will release four songs from their now aborted fifth album and will combine them with live tracks from their summer concert appearances. They will give that music to their fan club members.
“We do not want to just leave without giving them back something,” Kevin Jonas said. The news of the split has left the Jonas faithful stunned, ever since the boys canceled a 19-date tour earlier this month just a few days before it was set to begin. They reflected with host Robin Roberts about their reasons for separating after eight years making hit music together, noting that it had a lot to do with differences over the band’s sound. “It was time and for us it took some time getting there, but we feel like it’s time that the Jonas Brothers comes to an end,” Kevin said.
Nick said he was the one who initiated the discussion about a possible breakup. “We’re family first, and that’s always been our main priority, and so honesty within what we do as a group was really important,” Nick said. “In a nutshell, I said, ‘I feel like we’ve had some complications within the new group for a long time without addressing them. I think this train will fall off the tracks without getting real about some of the limitations and some of the concerns that we may feel as individuals and within the group,’ “he added. “We felt like it was starting to get stale to us,” Joe said. “It was just individual things that we were butting heads about, whether it was a way to set up the music video to even personal opportunities, and at some point we decided that it was best to finish this.”—Reuters

Words "Content"
148
Clauses
13
Lexical Density
11,3
The text was written in English but the writer is an Arabic writer, density of the text is not very strong despite it is a written text.  Regarding the text field there could be a kind of social content. The writer is writing for Arab audience so this is clear as the Arab audience are less interested in music bands which is clear in the boring feelings of the writer towards the issue he was writing about. It seems with little communicative purpose and little explaining for the event which is clear from the number of quotations as the writer's article is full of quotations. The writer does not have enough information to write about concerning the topic which is clear as the writer did not use stated details about the Jonas Brothers Break up. The mode in this text represents having neither enough knowledge about the event nor personal attitudes or reactions of the writer himself.  vocabulary were used in a very weak way which tells the writer is not sure of the information he tries to present as he used promised, something, possible break up and differences.  The text'stenor is very weak as it lacks enthusiasm to the event or the music at all as the writer did not present explicit messages to the reader about his beloved band or about his own opinion of the event of break up the Jonas band which confirms the idea that Arab people are not those who are interested mostly in hit music.
Text2 Clauses are underlined.
New York Times

October 10, 2013, 1:31 pm 7 Comments
Jonas Brother Against Brother (Against Brother); Tour Canceled
The Jonas Brothers were to have played the first of 19 concerts in a North American tour on Friday in Upper Darby, Pa., but they may break up instead. At the very least, the tour, which was to include a concert at the Hammerstein Ballroom in Manhattan on Oct. 23, has been scuttled because of what the group’s spokesman, Jesse Derris, described to People magazine as “a deep rift within the band” and “a big disagreement over their musical direction.”
The group’s differences seem to have erupted fairly suddenly: as of Tuesday, the  trio — Kevin, Joe and Nick Jonas — was still promoting its tour on its Twitter feed, and on Wednesday, the group performed at We Day, a children’s charity event in St. Paul,Minn. Not long after their performance ended, though, the singer-songwriter Bonnie McKee, who was to have toured with the Jonases, posted a note on Twitter that read: “Hey guys sad 2 say my tour w @jonasbrothers has been canceled!”
By noon on Thursday, Ticketmaster has posted red cancellation notes on the group’s tour dates.
TMZ reported on Wednesday that the group had an explosive fight during the weekend over which of several newly recorded songs should be released. The problem for the band, TMZ reported, is that the songs are in a variety of pop and hard rock styles, and the brothers were unable to agree on which represented the direction that planned to take.
Tickets for the canceled shows will be refunded.

Words "Content"
110
Clauses
15
Lexical Density
9
The text is of not very strong density but it has good number of relative clauses. The field here is presenting a vivid social content which is rich of detailed information with dates and not very many quotations as text1. It is an informative telling text which has many things to tell as it is addressing the people of America who are crazy about this kind of music and such bands. The writer has his information from specific resources such as the spokesman of the Jonas band and he dated many of the events he mentioned exactly. He spoke about the songwriters as the public are recognized with them which is a native feeling of the native music. As to the mode, it depends on phrases and clauses the writer used professionally to show how much he is specialized in music writing as he mentioned names of places where musical concerts are held such as "Hammerstein Ballroom in Manhattan". Its communicative purpose is to tell the American audience specific information about the events that the band is involved in like the charity event and about the information about the break up. Grammatical contexts are flowing easily in an American language  as the writer did not tend to used many relative clauses. The tenor is representing coherent text with American the writer did not directly represent his own opinion or impose it but he professionally showed it through his wide knowledge background such as telling from TMZ, Twitter, Ticketmaster and people Magazine which shows how much he is personally and professionally interested in the event.
Task3(500 words)
In this task you should compare the two editorial texts suggesting reasons for, and effects of, the differences (i.e. differences in views, ideas, positions, attitudes, assessment, etc. of the same event/topic).
The two texts are about the same event which is the break up of the Jonas Brother musical band. Although the two texts were written about the same topic and tended to discuss the same event, there are great differences between them. The first text written in Kuwait Times seems to be a text of quotations appearing to be written by a writer who was fearing from writing about the topic or lacking the needed background that's why it seemed to be a weak text not expressing opinions nor addressing a specific audience who are interested in music. As the writer was an Arabic writer, he seemed not interested in the band or I the hit music of that kind, the people he is addressing are also Arabs who are not in fact interested in Jonas Brother band information or may be not interested in such a kind of music the fact that let me inquire what made the writer choose such a topic and write about? May be he did not find the right topic or event to write about or he was asked to write about it but lacked information. However, the writer did not used much information from his own to be discussed unless some sentences stating the event. His ideas about the event were not certain or clear. The second text which is striking the reader after reading the first one, the writer seems to challenge himself presenting vivid informative text full of details about the band activities and their reasons possible for the break up choosing different points of views such as the words of the songwriter Bonnie McKee as well as showing vast knowledge from following news about the band on different magazines and on social websites such as Twitter. As any American or as people who live in America, the writer seemed interested in the music band event and how the band will refund people the money they paid for the cancelled show which tell us the readers may be involved in the events and are waiting for their money for the cancelled show to be back to them. Native attitudes are clear enough through naming places such as Manhattan and St. Paul, Minn. The text is saying the opinions neutrally but intelligently which is a known American style. The writer seemed interested himself without giving direct words to confirm his own interest yet it is a fact that he was following the event's news on Twitter at least. May be he is a fan of the band. The American interest in money is clear as the writer guarantees his readers' rights in getting their money back after the cancellation of the show. The writer shows good musical knowledge as mentioned different musical styles such as hard rock and pop music styles. The writer was accurate in presenting dated information with mentioning the date and the day of the events such as the charity event being on Wednesday and the North American tour on Friday as well as Manhattan concert on the 23rd of October. In fact the comparison between the two text weakened the first one more than the amount of weakness it has.
Appendix
Scheme for register analysis
Aspects of Situation
Text1
Text2
Field
The Jonas Brothers said that they will not complete the album they were working on
The Jonas Brothers were to have played the first of 19 concerts in a North American tour on Friday in Upper Darby, Pa., but they may break up instead.
Tenor
They reflected with host Robin Roberts about their reasons for separating after eight years making hit music together,
the group performed at We Day, a children’s charity event in St. Paul, Minn. Not long after their performance ended
Mode
Tickets for the canceled shows will be refunded.
Information is not enough
Nimber of words used:  1125
References


Posted by at No comments:

TEXTS WORDS ANALYSIS

Introduction

Written English texts are interpreted according to many aspects of functional grammar framework. The interpretations vary according to the contexts. English grammar are of may characteristics which could be analyzed in order to learn about the writer, the topic and many things else. In this TMA we are going to perform a register analysis upon two newspaper editorials about the same topic but one posted in Gulf Times and the other was posted in Washington Post. We will analyze the texts according to the functional grammar framework: field, tenor and mode in order to find out the differences between the two texts.

Task1
 (selection of texts)
Choose two newspaper Editorials on the same event/topic one from a newspaper/magazine published in English in Britain or the United States and one from an Arab newspaper/magazine published in English (e. g. Kuwait Times, Gulf Times, etc.).

Two texts were chosen and signed.

Task2(500 words)
Perform a register analysis of the two texts.  In other words, you should show how the social roles and relationships (tenor), subject matter (field) and the nature of the text as a communicative event (mode) influence particular aspects of grammar and vocabulary in each text.

Text 1
Clauses are underlined.

 GULF TIMES
Beckham  setting up new MLS team in Miami? 10:55 PM 0:55 PM
30October2013
Retired England soccer star David Beckham has chosen Miami for a new US Major League Soccer expansion team, a source familiar with the negotiations said on Tuesday.
 The former England captain, who retired earlier this year after stints with Manchester United, Real Madrid and the MLS club LA Galaxy, had been considering several locations and toured Miami this summer, meeting with city and county leaders. His MLS player contract included an option to create a new team for $25 million. Beckham was still putting together a team of investors, the source said. The person spoke on condition of anonymity because Beckham’s plans have yet to be officially announced.
 His representatives are already looking at sites for a purpose-built soccer-only stadium, according to a well-placed source in Miami’s business community. “They have people looking real hard. They want to be in the urban core,” the person said.
 A fan group, which has been campaigning for a team to come to the city, welcomed the news. Julio Caballero, spokesman for the group, which calls itself MLS Miami Bid, posted: “It’s our time,” on the group’s Facebook page. MLS confirmed it was in discussions with Beckham but declined to confirm if a deal had been struck. “We are continuing our discussions with David Beckham regarding future ownership of an MLS expansion team,” said Dan Courtemanche, a spokesman for MLS.
Miami officials also reacted cautiously to the news. “We’ve not had any official notification that David Beckham has chosen Miami for a new Major League Soccer (MLS) franchise,” Miami-Dade County Mayor Carlos Gimenez said in a statement.
“That said, I join the hundreds of thousands of soccer fans throughout South Florida who are ready and eagerly waiting for an MLS team to be established in Miami. A world-class community like Miami-Dade County, also known as the Gateway to the Americas, would be a fitting home for the world’s most popular sport.”
The greater Miami area has a large and growing Latin American population and local sports bars always draw large crowds during the World Cup soccer tournament every four years. More than 70,000 fans attended an International Champions Cup match in Miami between Real Madrid and Chelsea in August. The city briefly had an MLS team, the Miami Fusion, which played in neighbouring Fort Lauderdale. It joined MLS in 1998 but was closed by the then struggling league after four seasons. The only professional team in the area is the Fort Lauderdale Strikers, which plays in the second-tier North American Football League.
Words "Content"
250
Clauses
16
Lexical Density
15,6
The text lexical density is strong because it is a written text. The text was written in an Arabic newspaper by an Arabic writer. The field of this text shows specific social content. It is addressing Arab audience and presenting the information they want to listen to. Its communicative purpose is to inform Arab people about David Beckham who the Arabs in the Gulf area admire and wait for his news. The writer tells news from a source he did not mention referred to as a "source" which imposes on the reader uncertainty feelings which confirms the writer has read the text in another newspaper and rewrite it, the writer did not use the pronoun "he" to refer to David but used pronouns as his, they, we to express not being responsible for the information. The mode in this text represents lack of knowledge about the event which makes the reader refer to other texts in native newspaper, vocabulary were used in a formal way that shows how the writer is not native such as : retired, investors, declined, single sentence paragraphs and using capital letters, fitting and using "to be +p.p" many times.  The text's tenor is clear through the implicit messages to be sent to the readers through expressions like "The only professional team in the area is the Fort Lauderdale Strikers' which expresses the writer's opinion and tries to convince the reader with such opinion. The text lacks coherence as it seems to be of not connected sentences.




Text2
Clauses are underlined

  Washington post

Person with knowledge of situation to AP: Beckham picks Miami for MLS franchise ownership

By Associated Press, Published: October 29 

LONDON — With his playing career over, former England captain David Beckham has decided his next move: starting a Major League Soccer team in Miami.
Since leaving the Los Angeles Galaxy in December, and retiring from the game after a subsequent five-month stint at Paris Saint-Germain, Beckham has been mulling over the location for his MLS franchise.

Beckham has now made up his mind and he would pay a discounted rate of $25 million to start an MLS expansion team in Miami, a person with knowledge of the situation told The Associated Press on Tuesday. The person spoke on condition of anonymity because plans for the team aren’t being publicly discussed yet.
The option of becoming a team owner was included in the MLS contract Beckham signed when joining the Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007.
“We know that Miami is one of the most passionate soccer markets in North America,” MLS Executive Vice President Dan Courtemanche told the AP. “We have met with David Beckham regarding ownership of an expansion team, and we look forward to David one day owning an MLS club.”
There are currently 19 MLS teams, and league commissioner Don Garber hopes to expand to 24 teams by the 2020 season. A 20th team is already in place to begin playing in 2015 after Premier League club Manchester City and its partner, the New York Yankees, paid an expansion fee of $100 million to launch New York City FC.
The MLS still has to give Beckham the go-ahead to make Miami the location of the franchise.
Beckham is looking to raise several hundred million dollars of investment to fund the setup costs, including putting together the squad of players and building a stadium.
Beckham’s business partner Simon Fuller, the “American Idol” creator who is the driving force in franchise negotiations, will be a significant shareholder, the person familiar with the situation said.Beckham is looking to sell stakes in the team to other investors, and has already had expressions of interest from businessmen globally.
Beckham hopes the team to debut in three years, which would likely require the franchise to initially play in an existing venue.
In June, Beckham toured the Sun Life and Florida International University stadiums and met with Miami-Dade County Mayor Carlos Gimenez.
University officials delivered a presentation to Beckham and Marcelo Claure, president and CEO of Brightstar Corp. and a member of the FIU Board of Trustees, explaining the draw of a professional team in Miami.
Before deciding on Miami as the franchise location, Beckham explored options in other cities, including Montreal, San Diego and Orlando, the person said.
Miami has had a Major League Soccer team before. The Miami Fusion held matches in Fort Lauderdale from 1998 to 2001, before shutting down because of poor attendance.
As a former Manchester United, Real Madrid and AC Milan midfielder, Beckham hopes his star power will make a team work there.
Beckham’s management team said it is not ready yet to make an announcement about Beckham’s franchise ownership option.

Words "Content"
275
Clauses
19
Lexical Density
14,4

Text2 density is less than the density of text 1. Number of relative clauses are little. The field here is representing a social content which find it easy to deal with such information and the subject matter is all about the sports event not only the player. The text is informative and vocabulary are more suitable for the topic. The writer is certain from the information source, the pronoun "he" is used many times to refer to Beckham whom the activity is all about. Experience of the writer is all clear within expressions such as : "retiring from the game after a subsequent five-month stint at Paris Saint-Germain." The mode here depends on noun phrases rich with information and specific details that tell the writer has much information about the event. The language is flowing which ensures the writer is native. Examples: move, mull over, team owner, soccer markets. Its communicative purpose is to state some sports event related to USA. Grammatical contexts are not complicated as relative clauses use is not too much, using the passive voice is simplifying the text and there are not many quotations in the text. The tenor is representing coherent text with American style ,the writer didn't impose his own opinions so the readers are free in their decisions on the event. Information is stated truly with confidence. As the writer is addressing American audience, he used simple grammar and vocabulary used in everyday speech such as :discounted rate, retiring from the game, shutting down and poor attendance.
Task3
In this task you should compare the two editorial texts suggesting reasons for, and effects of, the differences (i.e. differences in views, ideas, positions, attitudes, assessment, etc. of the same event/topic).
The two texts are about the same event yet there are differences between them in many points. There are differences in the opinions and views of the two writers. Writer of text1 is writing for Arab people in the Gulf so he is writing for pleasing them with news about their beloved Beckham. He also states his own opinions in the report.Text2 writer is writing for Americans so he tries to give more information about America and American players benefits. Writer of text1 seems to writing just for presenting sport information but writer of text2 seems to wish the event for the sake of America and for getting the best for American soccer teams so reasons for writing are different. Writer of text1is not giving detailed information which means that his Arabian background imposes conservative attitudes on him while writer of text2 is more free in writing with referring to his source as if the source is completely true which reflects a sense of press professionalism more than writer of text1.Text1 is more favorable for sports lovers and for those who are eager to listen to sport news but text2 could be read by any American who is interested in America's benefits and welfare, it also could be interesting for businessmen who seeks sports business which is not found in text1 as it is presented for Arabs.Text1 gives information about the social media sites like Facebook which gives a sign of Arab love and addiction to  Facebook while this is not mentioned in text2 because interest in facebook is higher in Arab areas especially for sport lovers. Text2 seems to lack trust in Beckham without businessmen from America as the writer mentioned the name of Beckham's business partner besides mentioning that he was the creator of the famous American program "American Idol" which was of no need in the context but to tell that Simon Fuller is the driving force of the Franchise negotiations. Text2 did not mention the information at all which proves that the information is not of big importance in the event as a sports event not a business one. Being not native is completely clear when writer of text1 talked about Miami and wrote many information about it as a city that is an area with Latin American population and information about 70,000 fans attended a match there between Real Madrid and Chelsea in August and other information that any native American knows. This information is not mentioned in text2 as readers are for sure not in need for this information. Ideas of second text2 are more clear with more detailed information, numbers, statistics and names of businessmen, soccer teams and soccer players. The two writers assessed the event according to the social background each is coming from, their assessments were enough but text1 was more hesitated when stating information the fact that the not native social background left its effect on the writer while writing, this will also leave its impressions on the readers of each report.
Appendix
Scheme for register analysis
Aspects of Situation
Text1
Text2
Field
Beckham is going to make business in USA
Beckham is going to do sports activities in America
Tenor
America is going to give Beckham a chance for doing good business, American businessmen help Beckham
Arabs can enjoy sports event happening in Miami and America as a beautiful country.
Mode
American feedback can present much information and details about the event
Information are little with a non- native background.

References

Posted by at No comments:

Technical Terms Translation

The reasons why TermsTechnical Translation is causing problems.
1-Using general dictionaries
     Translating terms within a technical text requires special care by the translator who is professional as there must be special dictionaries chosen according to the translation type. Medical texts requires high care from the translator as their terminology is very high and specified according to each case, disease and illness stages. Many problems occur when the translation process lack the good tools needed by a translators such as specialized dictionaries, this means that using general dictionaries are not good for translating technical translation that includes terms. Commercial texts and legal ones, for example, need special commercial and legal dictionaries that could help a translator with the translation process and to avoid problems that may occur due to wrong terminology translation.
2-Lack of translators' experience
     Many translators commit errors in terms translation especially at their beginnings as beginners translators, terms technical translation requires good background and an enough amount of experience in translating terminology. Political translation needs wide space of political knowledge in the translator who does it because there are terms that could bear many meanings and choosing the meaning of the term depends on the nature of the text and the position of the term within the text, purposes of using it and ways of using it. There are terms in legal translation, for example, that cannot be found in dictionaries but they are usually used in courts, by lawyers and in legal law documents, these terms could be ordinary words for many people but using them within a legal text makes them work as terms and are known in the legal field with specific translations that mustn't be changed.
3-Using electronic translation programs
     Electronic translation programs such as Google Translate and others found free online are not useful at all in finding terms' meanings and when they are used in translating technical texts including terms, it could be a disaster and many problems could occur. A professional translator shouldn't depend on electronic programs for finding terms in any field of technical translation because this means errors and mistakes which could lead to life threatening problems when the translation is medical, legal or whatever. Electronic translation programs are not suitable for those professional translators who work in technical terms translation field.
4-Using wrong equivalences
     Some technical translation texts depends on the intelligence of a translator and how he understands the text's nature before translating it. Religious translation, for example, must be done on choosing the correct equivalence for the original language from the vocabulary and terms of the target language. A Muslim translator cannot use Islamic terms for translating the Bible, for example. Choosing the wrong equivalences leads to serious problems in business field, medical field and in any field that uses terminology which is special for that field. Hence, it is very important for a translator to take enough time in the translation process when terms are the main goal of translation and also compare the output with texts from the target language which are related to the topic of the original text. (Belenguer ET AL, 2013)
Means of Avoiding errors in technical translation
     Errors in technical translation usually occur especially when the translator is lacking experiences, is not using the proper dictionary or not exerting great efforts before delivering his work so such errors which could cause bad effects can be avoided by many means such as:
1-Practice
     Practice really makes perfect. When a good translator takes a time of training and practice before working in translating terms technical texts, there will be a chance for building up a good background of terms in the field the translator is going to work in. A translator who is well educated and have a good theoretical background about technical translation cannot be a professional translator without practice, this can be done alone or by joining a translation agency or company with a good history in technical translation, having a time for training and then being tested before doing real work in the field of terms technical translation. Applying the studied theories can also be good but this should occur in the practice time in order to have enough experience for beginning translating technical texts.
2-Choosing the proper dictionary
     It is useful to prepare a suitable dictionary for terms of a special field before beginning the translation process in order to avoid using words that give different meanings of the terms.
3-Understanding the terms within the texts not separated

     Reading the whole text before going into the translation process is very useful in terms translation as sometimes the position of the terms within the sentences, punctuation marks and grammar use turn the term from giving a specific meaning to another and this depends on a thorough reading for the text and the sentences in which the terms are found before translating them. (Larson, 1991)
Posted by at No comments:

Jose's authentic Mexican restaurant

Introduction
Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant is a small, 58-seat restaurant that offers a reasonably broad range of Mexican food and prepared and presented in a traditional Mexican style. It is located in New England in a grown-up business district on the edge of a large metropolitan area. The restaurants interior decoration promotes the Mexican style theme. The atmosphere of Jose’s allows for people to have a real taste for Mexican food and Mexican background music. The set of choices consists of twenty three main entrees which are assembled from eight basic stocks and variety of other ingredients. The restaurant is restricted in seating and free off-street parking. The Mexican tasty foods and Mexican music make up for the wait. The customer is usually immediate except for Friday and Saturday nights when waits of as long as 45 minutes can be encountered because space inside for waiting is very limited and there is no separate waiting area. Another problem is the restaurant does not take advance booking.
The usually amount of time needed to complete a meal once it has been ordered is twelve minutes. A good portion of this time is for final cooking. According to customer surveys during rush time on Friday and Saturday nights, the most of customer were satisfied with the overall dinning experience. Only sixteen customers said the dining experience was not worth the money and other side sixty seven customers said it was worth the cost. According to customer surveys most of customer not happy on the delivery time of their food on the table.
First area for analysis
 How quality should is defined at this restaurant?
ANSWER:  Quality is the term used by the customer to describe their general satisfaction with a service or product. Customers, internal or external, are satisfied when their expectations regarding a service or product have been met or exceeded.
Quality at Joses restaurant should be defined by service, value, reliability of the experience and overall customers’ satisfaction. The quality of a product is defined as whether it fulfills its stated specifications. Customer satisfaction should be at the top priority for the restaurant. Customer satisfaction is the measurement of a product or service that meets or exceeds customer’s expectations. Therefore, the restaurant should focus on its customers’ needs and requirements, and strive to exceed their expectations. The factors that affect the quality of the service are conformance to specification, value, fitness for use, support and even psychological standard impression. Food should be delivered and served as to be what is promised on the menu. Also, the food should be cooked and prepared properly, to be fresh, clean, and to have exactly the ingredients and flavors that are ordered. Service staff should be neatly dressed and greet customers with a smile; personnel should be experienced and trained to accommodate the customer. Atmosphere is another important area of quality. At Jose’s, keeping with the Mexican themed decor creates the atmosphere for the Mexican prepared dishes. The overall establishment should maintain a level of cleanliness. Waiting areas for customers should be clean and comfortable during the peak times when a waiting to be seated is necessary. The service and meals should be dependable and consistent.
The quality of food is very important issues for a success restaurant business. Jose’s has problem about the quality of food the chef gets from the external suppliers. If the food is not good and fresh then the total taste of the food will not be what the customer wants. The cook at Jose’s is stressed out and not happy with the quality of food that has been getting from the external supplier. The food in the Joses restaurant should be better quality and fresh. Prepared the good food to meet customer needs and delivered to customers on time to the table. One of the rules of manager should be check the quality food. Food hygiene and spotlessness is another essential characteristic of quality in the restaurant. We could use Six Sigma Improvement Model for improve the quality of food in Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant on busy time. We can use it only for Friday and Saturday nights. Six Sigma which relies heavily on the principles of total quality management, is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining, and maximizing business success by minimizing defects and variability in processes. It is driven by a close understanding of customer needs and diligent attention to managing, improving, and reinventing business processes. Process variability causes customer dissatisfaction. Six Sigma is a rigorous approach to align processes with the restaurant target performance measures with low variability. The Six Sigma Improvement Model has five steps procedure that leads to improvements in process performance.
Second area for analysis
What are the restaurant’s costs of poor quality?
ANSWER: The key of a successful restaurant business is always keep high standard environment and serve fresh good quality foods. Also make happy and satisfied customer that will want to come back and will tell others of their good dining experience. Time maintains is very important in a good successful business. Customer will not come back if the preparation time and the release time for the meals do not improve at Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant. Restaurant will be lost their customers if the stay time to be seated does not reduce. Another important is the quality of food and customers always want fresh and tasty food. If the food is not good then the total flavor of the meal will not be what the external customer needs. The result of these entire problems in Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant will lose business. When the customers are not happy with the food and management then the whole restaurant suffers and possibly having to shut down. Karetski and other waiters do not get their tips because the poor quality of food. The customer will not give tips well if they have a bad dining experience and they will not tell others. So the restaurant will be lose their customer and business will be down. As we know that cost of poor qualities are
External Failure Costs
These are costs associated with defects found after the product or service has been delivered to the customer. In other words, the customer discovered the defect. So, these costs might include: customer service contacts, processing customer service complaints, customer returns, warranty claims, product recalls and others.
Internal Failure Costs
These are costs associated with defects of product or service found before the product or service was delivered to the customer. These types of costs include scrap, rework, inventory adjustments (or adjustments of adjustments) and others.
Inspection (Appraisal) Costs
These costs include audits, checks, testing, and other items. In general, these costs include activities to double-check conformance to customer standards.
Prevention Costs
Costs incurred in the prevention of product or service failure are described as Prevention Costs. Examples include: dedicated quality improvement teams, quality education and training, process reviews, etc.
Third area for analysis
Use some of the tools for improving quality to assess the situation at Jose’s.
ANSWER: There are lots of roads that Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant could be improved their overall Jose’s dining experience for their valuable customers. Some of the equipment for recovering quality to assess the situation at Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant below:
1.     The Quality of Food
2.     The Restaurant’s Seating Capacity
3.     Take- Way System
4.     Reducing the Preparation time
Food quality
The quality of food is the biggest problem at Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant. The quality of food is very important for the cook at Jose’s. He is not happy and stressful for the food supplier. The manager at Jose’s needs to try to improve the quality of their food and also needs to contact the supplier according to this problem. The manager at Jose’s could have someone that check the food which has been coming in from the supplier and make sure they are getting fresh and the best quality possible. If the cook and the manager find out that the quality of the food continues to coming in at Jose’s in poor situation then Jose’s would be need to get a new supplier who can supply the best quality and fresh food. More quality food is more success in their restaurant business.
Seating capacity of the restaurant
Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant is a small 58-seat restaurant. The customer wait time will be improve and reduce if Jose’s could providing more seating. One of the better ideas for improving the restaurant is to develop on its current size and add a relaxing waiting area so that the customer does not have to wait outside. If Jose’s continues to be a success and grow in a larger restaurant then the customer waiting line will be slowly generate big. So Jose’s would need to be hiring extra employee like cook and waiters that the customer waiting time will be improve and reduce.
Applying Take- Way System:
Take -Way system is the external customers can order their food and pick up the order at the restaurant. So Jose’s could be starting offering take -way to the customer that the customer still get taste Jose’s Mexican food without waiting on the queue long time and without the whole dining experience. Customer relationship is important in a successful business. Jose’s manager could be walk through the restaurant and talk to the customer in order to listen feedback. Also more surveys could be help for recovering better quality to consider the condition at Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant.
Decreasing the time consumed for preparations
Time maintains is big deal at Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant. The customers are not happy because the cook takes more time for meals on the dining table. The cook takes more time for meal because the poor quality of food. When the good quality food coming to Jose’s then the preparation time for the food will be reduce and the cook should be able to hit the twelve minute target. The customer will be more satisfy and happy if Jose’s is able to manage to the twelve minutes preparation time for the food instead of twenty minutes.
If Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant able to make these changes then the customer will be happier and leave better tips for waiters. Karetski and other waiters also will be happier for these changes. When the customer will be enjoy the overall Jose’s dining experience and tell others then Jose’s will be more success restaurant business in New England. More customers will come in and get taste of the Mexican food.
Conclusion
After much researching, analyzing and receiving information from sources therefore  we concludes that the managers handle the service system, the wait-staff do their job, have the cook do his work and on peak days acquire an extra part-time cook to help with the food preparations and obtain an alternative supplier that delivers what is necessary and build a relationship with them, the best alternative to consider concerning the service issues of Jose’s Authentic Mexican Restaurant because of its attainable nature, cost-efficiency, practicality and wisdom. It is attainable because this not a complete overhaul of the system, it is simply placing a more efficient system with maintenance and control intact. All that is needed is to hire more help and to acquire a trust-worthy and reliable supplier. This process is easy enough to accomplish in a short period of time .It is practical since we use solutions that have been proven by time, like a management system and placing the right people in the right jobs. We also hire extra help on peak days only to reduce stress from the main cook who is responsible for the taste and the main attraction of the restaurant. We know this is practical simply by looking at what other successful businesses have been doing when the time comes that they need extra help. Therefore, the restaurant should focus on its customers’ needs and requirements, and strive to exceed their expectations.




Posted by at No comments:

Friday, May 27, 2016

Using HRIS in HRM

HRIS has become a main interest for all the different worldwide business entities as most organizations that used to depend on manual methods in managing human resources have found it hard today to use them due to the great wastes they cause in time, effort and money so they turned to use HRIS in order to cope with the continuous technologies and to gain the benefits from such new modernized systems that can raise the effectiveness of work and lead to more accurate work. HRIS are complex systems that need experts and well trained employees to deal with them otherwise they will represent a challenge the company will face and perhaps employees resist such change and this will lead to a great failure and loss. This makes it urgent to consider the change management processes before applying such a technology in the organization and this means to prepare a change strategic plan and then to test the plan before applying the change. HRIS are important because they can use in all the different HR practices and activities such as advertising for new jobs as this will be easy using online websites for job advertising such as Byte.com or Linked in or others which will make many things easy such as reaching to a very wide scale of candidates, saving money of newspaper advertisements and being able to update and change the advertisement easily. Then the interviewing process will be easy as many companies today use online interviews via Skype in order to meet candidates and test them which also will save money, effort and time and after that comes the selection process that can be made via special analysis programs that work on a very high technology to choose the best candidates based on their marks in the interviews and their qualifications. This shows how far recruitment becomes easy with HRIS but it is not only recruitment that HRIS can deal with and facilitate. Checking employees attendance using devices such as fingerprints devices or using ID cards have become the main request today of many companies that suffer cheating and problems with checking employees' attendance manually using paper records so it became important to use them in business organizations. Other tasks such as training employees, strategic planning and keeping a huge amount of easy access data are also main missions for HRIS. Yet the application of such systems need to have a suitable work environment for receiving them and dealing with them as employees and managers should be well prepared and trained for using such systems and they have to be well aware for the benefits of these systems to them and they should be motivated to use them by realizing that they can be easily promoted when they are more able to use these systems and HR professionals should learn that HRIS will be an aid and not an enemy for them as this will lead to an easy work and acceptance to HRIS without change resistance which will ensure its success when being implemented. 
Posted by at 1 comment:

Abraham Lincoln

Reputation of Abraham Lincoln
Introduction
Famous people such as politicians for example have their reputations in the public society locally or internationally. Reputation is a process that needs construction and of many aspects and procedures as it is a complicated process which leaves its effects on the person it belongs to and on others related to or interested in or hearing about that person. In this assignment the reputation of a famous politician who has his position into history of the United States and in the world is going to be discussed according to some specific points of his life. The reputation of Abraham Lincoln is going to be presented regarding some historical interpretations and views in order to clarify the reality and myth sides of Lincoln reputation.

Body
Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865) was the president of the United States number sixteen(1861-1865) and he added a lot to America by his achievements in civil war, economy and government progress. Lincoln got a great fame with a reputation that carried many aspects of discussion. He is considered the slaves liberator and a man of social and racial equality and justice yet there are many views says that he also refused the races acceptance in society of America and was convinced that there must be a kind of sending the black away out of USA which was a remarkable thing of those points constructed his reputation.( Franklin, 1964) He was known as the president who achieved the Union of American states which was his main target and slavery is said not to be his concern, he was said to do any thing for the sake of the union even if he kept the slaves as slavery was not his main interest. Some critics say that he used the issue of setting slaves free as a kind of propaganda and there were not any one of the laves was really free as a result of Lincoln efforts. His childhood and the life circumstances he lived in also affected the way his reputation was formed as he lived a simple poor life, educated himself and worked in an early age till he became a lawyer then the president of the United States of America. He also was famous for his effective impressive speeches t address the people and make them feel him as a common person. The way he died constructed another part of his reputation as he was assassinated in 14th of April 1865 in a theater called Ford's theatre. (  Owens, 2004)
Lincoln's reputation was constructed affected by some historical interpretations for his own attitudes, actions, reactions and decisions. These interpretations may be true or based upon rumors and personal opinions. Some historians describe Lincoln as the Great Emancipator which is a matter that was historically interpreted into many explanations of which some were evidence-based. (Bennett, 1968) Lincoln reputation as the slave liberator was not true as Lincoln was said to be a man of politics who was not keen on helping those miserable slaves but his real target was to limit their existence or eliminate it, black people did not represent any of his real concerns with no regard to the black wishes or desires for freedom and equality. Bennett made many attacks on Lincoln as he tried to interpret his concerns as shows for his own welfare and to ban freedom, rights and equality from being delivered to the black. Other historians had different interpretations for Lincoln attitudes and actions, Herbert Mitgang, defended Lincoln against Bennett by saying that Lincoln was the most person to defend the black's rights and saved America from the harms of the civil wars. Mark Krung also defended Lincoln by saying that Lincoln prevented the violent acts' occurrence as they were resulting from racial problems which is an interpretation that needs to be well considered. Another issue that puzzled historian regarding Lincoln was using colonization to solve black slave existence problem. (Zilversmit, 1980)
It is good to consider the appropriate using of historical evidence when constructing the reputation of a specific political figure, for example, Abraham Lincoln was accused of taking the white side against the black, his debates with Stephen A. Douglas show the attitudes of Lincoln clearly as it is said that Lincoln was at the side of white supremacy ideas and he was against negroes' rights but was pretending to be a slave liberator. George M. Fredrickson thinks that Lincoln speeches told that while He was talking as if defending the rights of the black, he said to Douglas that he could not consider the negro as a parallel part or equal persons to him giving an evidence which is Lincoln words that he used words that expressed his deep convince of not considering the black as equal part of the society. Historian E. B. Smith also commented on Ottawa speech words that expressed a playing tone in Lincoln speech as he meant that Lincoln was acting on audience for his own political benefits. Another opinion of the historian Don E. Fehrenbacher stated that Lincoln words expressed a maximum desire of neglecting the black's rights and a minimum desire of defending their rights which means Lincoln was varying between the extreme hatred for negroes and the extreme respect to them. The Lincoln biographer Stephen B. Oates, had a remarkable opinion that Lincoln was really pretending to defend the black as a deep sense of protecting the country from civil war harms and to ensure its unity. (Zilversmit, 1980)
Lincoln's reputation accommodated lots of Myths during his life and after his death. Those Myths could be simple opinions from students, historian statements or some views of people who are exaggerating some facts or preventing a real action from being revealed to the public. Edward Steers discussed some of the myths regarding Lincoln as his relation with his parents, it was said that Lincoln was an illegitimate son of Nancy Hanks and she had a relation with Abraham Enole who was supposed to be his father but Lincoln cousin proved that Thomas Lincoln was his real father and illegitimacy was just rumors of people who tried to insult Lincoln. The relationship between Abraham and Ann Rutledge also took the myth style at people's thoughts as there were documents regarding this relationship that was said to be true sometimes and forged other times. There was a myth regarding Lincoln Christianity as his wife said that he was not that Christian people thought and historian opinions were not able to prove his being baptized. Evidences regarding the words attributed to Lincoln are not clear as there were many letters written by John Hay and he signed them with Lincoln name. A very serious myth about Lincoln is that he was a homosexual and it was not proved to be true as a book written by C. A. Tripp mentioned this but the fact says that Tripp was a gay which made many historians and people think he was trying to give himself some respect by saying that also Lincoln was a gay like him.(Marty, 2009)
Yet there are differences between myths and historical views regarding Lincoln reputation and they have to be well distinguished. Lincoln was a part of the American history and was seen by many historian as really concerned with the black slavery problem which could have many reasons but the myth is when he is seen as a great hero of independence and freedom of the black as this seems an exaggeration because historians had many diversity in reviewing his slavery attitude. It was him who wanted the black to get out of the country and who made them work as labor force in Europe. The assassination of Lincoln had many historical arguments and it turned to be a myth at some points. There are many stories regarding his death which contained lots of myths. John Wilkes Booth was an actor who hated Lincoln due to feeling sympathy with the south killed him in the Ford theatre and the death incidents were clear and distinguished from myths. Yet a myth appeared, it included opinions said that Lincoln murder was a terrorist act performed by the South but this was not confirmed by the historians. Another myth was that the murder was made for the sake of president Johnson. A fact stated by historians was that Booth was killed but there was a myth that it was not him and he was still alive to continue his struggle for the south. In fact these views of historians and myths must be well distinguished by a well educated reader who traces evidence to know the truth. (Turner, 1982)
Conclusion                         
Reputations of political figures always arouses many inquiries even after their death which was clear in the biography of Abraham Lincoln as there were many different historical views regarding his real attitudes towards slavery and negroes, historian discussed many things of which some are mentioned in this assignment as he was also accused of many things that needed investigation to differentiate between myths about him and the real truth.  

       ReferencesJohn H. Franklin, From Slavery to Freedom (New York: 1964 [2nd .]), p. 277.
  • Bennett, "Was Abe Lincoln a White Supremacist?" Ebony, Feb., 1968, pp. 35–42

  • Zilversmit, 1980, Arthur, Lincoln and the Problem of Race: A Decade of Interpretations. Volume 2, Issue 1, 1980, pp. 22-45

  • Marty, 2009, Myron, Lincoln Legends: Myths, Hoaxes, and Confabulations Associated with Our Greatest President, by Edward Steers Jr.
  • Turner, 1982, Thomas, Myth and the Lincoln Assassination: Did John Wilkes 
Posted by at 1 comment:

Why was Kennedy Killed?

Introduction
People's reputation is a very critical issue that is found in all cultures among all different classes and professions. Politicians are more liable to have arguments regarding their reputation more than others as their lives are full of incidents and events that cause big changes to different peoples in different countries. Politicians' lives can participate in establishing communities and destroying others and that's why it is important to study the real circumstances of politicians' lives and see if the reputation argued about them is true or not. In this assignment, reputation of John Kennedy will be discussed from many sides so as to learn more abut the life of the thirty fifth president of the United States of America. Kennedy was a character that most arguments were spreading about his life and death were significant and arouse many questions and that's why his reputation is discussed with relevant issues such as myth and fact, historical interpretations regarding his life and checking historical evidence about such information and interpretations.

Body
John Kennedy (1917-1963) was the thirty fifth president of USA and had great reputation during and after his period of ruling America. He came from an Irish American family that was rich and had political interests. He received good education from Harvard University and in 1946 he began to engage in the world of politics to be a Democrat then a Senate in 1952. When he was at the age of forty three, he became the president of the USA and he was the youngest president at that time. His reputation showed that he was a successful president but many voices assured his having love affairs although his wife Jackie was adding good background for him as a politician and a president. He had a good reputation as a president who defended and added many aspects to civil rights of black Americans in addition to doing many reforms for his country insides. He was also known with causing tension in Cold War. His death shared a lot in forming his reputation as his assassination by a sniper shot in Texas aroused many questions about his life, conspiracy theory was the most prevailing idea regarding his death by most Americans at that time and till today. Some other opinions suggested that his killer Oswald was not sent by a group or was not included in a conspiracy but alone he killed Kennedy by himself as a result for being crazy or for killing love. Till today, Kennedy's death is still a mystery. (BBC history)

Historical interpretations which are usually different shared in constructing John Kennedy's reputation yet not all historical interpretations must be true, perhaps some personal attitudes and views may affect such interpretations which is a thing that needs much research. He had a good acceptance among the public as a beloved character famous for his humanity and the American movie dealt with his life due to the public attraction to such works yet his personal life left great passive impacts on the writings of many historians and political critics. John Sillito who is a historian at the Weber State University has discussed the life of John Kennedy and concluded some historical interpretations about him as being a good model for new modern generations as he did not give much interest to businessmen in the white house but his all interest was on the intellectuals. His communication abilities were appreciated by another historian called Branden Little and he said that Kennedy exerted great efforts to give a youthful background for the white house to be approved by all Americans. Eric Swedin, another historian had different opinions about Kennedy as he mentioned that Kennedy was a playboy whose reputation as a man that had sexual affairs and the way he was killed gave him much interest from the public which gave him more deep dimensions to be added to his life. Swdin commented on his death as the conspiracy theories around his death were made by people to give more importance to his death as people loved him and wished him to have a great end. (Valkenburg, 2013)

Historian opinions and interpretations must have evidences so as not to turn to be rumors or gossip, they have to search, analyze and prove what they are talking about. Having a reputation of a betrayal husband was and still is a significant thing about Kennedy with few evidences as the president had people to protect him from media although it is said that he did not care, it was said that the director of the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover monitored and protected Kennedy from the media and newspapers but his relationship with Judith Campbell was very famous as the woman had relations with Mafia men. (McElrath, 2014) Yet on the other hand there are evidences on his being a faithful good president working for the welfare of his country and shared a lot in improving its economics after having bankrupts and suffer unemployment of the youth, an evidence for the love of his people is the museum built at the place of his assassination and visited by about 350,000 person yearly and people from everywhere in the world write great words about Kennedy as a great president who was very human. Another evidence is his success in managing the crisis of  the Cuban missile in 1962 and he held an agreement for peace with the Soviet Union and enhanced better relationships with Moscow in addition to his speeches to relax the cold war with the Soviet Union at his time which was a short time of three years only. ( BRINKLEY, 2013)

The life of Kennedy was accompanied by many myth stories and they increased after his being murdered in a severe way and those myth may have original facts related to them or they are a result of exaggerated imaginative ideas by some people or media channels. Among these myth stories is the perplexing ideas about his being liberal or conservative as it is said that he was a conservative because he was a man of decisions that he respected as well as his attitudes in the Bay of the Pigs as he declared his complete responsibility of the failure. His situation for calling for peace with the Soviet Union was seen at sometimes as liberal but some authors and historians see it as an intelligent act to avoid a nuclear war such as the opinions of the historian Robert Dallek who published a book about some raised questions about Kennedy as a myth. Perhaps his love affairs of women such as Judith Campbell and Merlin Monroe made people see him as a liberal or perhaps he had liberal brothers so people and historian referred to him as a liberal and truth is still a mystery just like the mystery of his death which also became a myth.(Cooper, 2013)

It is different to refer to historian opinions and to public myth that are spread among people with no evidences as historian myth must be supported by evidences whatever they were convincing people. It is said that John Kennedy himself was a myth, the myth of the great president ad leader that the way he was murdered gave him many additional great characteristics and a sense of mystery which made people think of conspiracy theories and other issues regarding him. It was proved by historians that he had management abilities that helped him solve many problems such as the problem with the Soviet Union and the nuclear war. It is important to seek evidences when referring to myth but sometimes people make a myth without any base and historian opinions are sought here to make sure of what is true and what is fake. Although most historian recorded Kennedy as a playboy and a president who does not deserve all the myth called about him, the fact is that he has an audience everywhere in the world and he had made many good things to the United States of America which made him a myth to all Americans in spite of many historians opinions. (Loftus, 2013)

Conclusion
Reputation of people is a very important matter specially when they are famous and politicians' reputations always arouse many questions about them, their lives, what they presented to their people, their family life and facts about their life and death. John Kennedy was one of the most beloved characters in politics and he had a very great fame which affected his reputations in many points, he was seen by some historians as a playboy with various love affairs which reduced his value in politics' field and others saw him as a great leader, a man of the word who respected his decisions ad was responsible for any thing he did. Movies and books were made to record his life and these works pictured him as a myth and a hero which is a matter that is not agreed by many people and many historians and at the same time agreed by others.   

References 




Posted by at 1 comment:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)